Chapter 42
 
 
聽陳總統說


 

  在台灣還有許多人,不能一致對外,對於阿扁的談話,不論其立論是否完美合理,總是會加以攻擊。

  美國對台灣伸出友善的手,立刻有人放話說:這是美國人把台灣當籌碼,不可以相信,或加強反對向美國購買武器的計劃,台灣的政論家或是某些立法委員,就常自以為是的扮演超級鐵金鋼的無敵先知,在電視的政論節目中,看來看去就這一些人,既浪費時間又逐漸令人乏味。

  陳總統最近接受USA TODAY 的訪談,是一種很好的互動,陳總統表現得體,聲明有理,值得大家參考。以下是英文原文:

 

Taiwan President's Interview with USA Today

Washington, May 3 (CNA) Republic of China President Chen Shui-bian has said in an interview with USA TODAY that he hopes to have the unique experience of flying back to Taipei in Texas-style boots and hat after a transit stop in Houston late this month.

Chen gave the interview with USA TODAY reporter Paul Wiseman at the Presidential Office in Taipei Wednesday. The largest United States paper published the interview in its Thursday edition.

In the interview, Chen also urge mainland China to renounce its attempt to use force against Taiwan and reaffirmed his willingness to meet with mainland Chinese President Jiang Zemin or other Beijing leaders with no prior conditions.

Chen is scheduled to visit five ROC allies in Latin America later this month. He told the U.S. paper that he hopes to transit through New York en route to El Salvador. On his return trip from Honduras, he hopes to transit through Houston.

"If there are no surprises, I think it will be possible to transit through these two cities," Chen said, adding that if the transit through New York goes smoothly, it will be a historical first. "It will make a record for the first president of the Republic of China to transit through in New York City." Chen noted, adding that he hopes to have a two-night transit stop in New York.

Chen said many American friends have expressed an interest in meeting him. "And I have been very touched by such a reception," Chen said, adding that he wants to thank the Bush administration and other individuals for all the arrangements and assistance for his transit through the two U.S. cities.

Chen said he thinks the fact that so many American friends have expressed an interest in meeting him illustrates their high degree of concern and interest in Taiwan. The youngest-ever ROC president further said he hopes that during his upcoming U.S. transit some things that happened last August will not happen again.

During his transit through Los Angeles last August, Chen was banned from meeting some American congressmen who wanted to meet him. "I hope that this transit will be unlike my Los Angeles transit last year in the sense that I was only staying inside the hotel and couldn't go out," Chen said.

If the Bush administration changes those practices and restrictions, Chen went on, the new arrangements and assistance would reflect improvements in substantive Taiwan-U.S. relations.

Asked whether he would meet with Rep. Thomas D. DeLay (R-Texas) during his layover in Houston, Chen said: "I hope to see those who I want to see. I hope those who want to see me can also be satisfied."

Through press reports, Chen said he learned that DeLay has expressed an interest in meeting him, would invite him to attend a ball game and wanted to give him a hat and boots that represent the spirit of Texas. "I hope that this time I can have such unique experience, flying back to Taipei in Texas-style boots and hat. I hope to have an opportunity to be a Texan cowboy," Chen said.

Commenting on President George W. Bush's recent promise to do "whatever it takes" to help defend Taiwan, Chen said he doesn't think that U.S.-China policy will have any overnight dramatic changes.

Touching on differences between Bush's approach to mainland China and cross-strait relations and his predecessor Bill Clinton's, Chen said Clinton has described the U.S.-mainland China relationship as a strategic partnership, while Bush understands that their relationship is not one of strategic partnership but rather one of strategic competition.

"Of course, the United States will not see China as a complete enemy, but neither will China be a 100 percent cooperative partner," Chen said, adding that the United States and China will be competitors. And I believe this was indicated through the handling of the flight collision over Hainan Island."

Chen continued that Bush's decision to develop an extensive national missile defense (NMD) system is not without reason. "And the United States' decision to provide Taiwan with necessary defensive weapons is also to ensure peace in Taiwan as well as to enhance the democracy developed on this island." And the United States arms sales are also expected to give the 23 million people of Taiwan more confidence to engage in peaceful dialogue with mainland China, Chen said.

In the interview, Chen mentioned that the Hollywood movie Thirteen Days has been shown in Taiwan recently. The film depicted the 13-day Cuban missile crisis in the early 1960s.

"At the time the pressure on the American people was felt for a mere 13 days … while Taiwan faces the threat from the PRC day by day. It's a daily fact of life here," Chen said.

He further said Taiwan's arms procurement plan depends on the attitude of mainland China. "We hope that we will see a change in their military posture, a decrease in missile deployment in their coastal area aimed at Taiwan. If we can resume dialogue, if China will cease its military buildup and abandon the threat to use force against Taiwan, we can make our adjustments accordingly," Chen said.

He pointed out that it would be best if both sides of the Taiwan Strait could divert the funds and resources in arms sales to other areas like economic development, infrastructure construction, medical care, education and social welfare.

Chen also said he believes that the way the recent U.S.-mainland China plane collision happened as well as how mainland China handled the aftermath have led many people to believe that mainland China is indeed a threat to the Asia-Pacific region.

Meanwhile, Chen criticized mainland China's policy of not interacting with his administration and only choosing to dialogue with Taiwan's opposition parties and civic groups. Chen said the Beijing leadership should understand that Taipei's cross-strait policy is not decided by opposition parties nor by civic groups.

He stressed that Beijing's refusal to interact with his administration will not improve cross-strait relations. "I hope to have an opportunity to engage in direct communication, contact and dialogue with mainland China," Chen noted, adding that he hopes mainland China can sincerely join Taiwan in seeking permanent peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region.


  接下來是中文翻譯:

 

2001.05.04/中時蕃薯藤林淑玲台北報導

如果中共不再武力威脅台灣  陳總統:我可考慮調整軍購策略

  美中軍機擦撞事件、對台軍售等連鎖事件,使美中台關係益發敏感。陳水扁總統在出訪中美洲友邦前夕接受「今日美國報」(USA Today)專訪時強調,顯然布希總統已經知道,美國與中共不是戰略夥伴關係,而是戰略競爭關係。布希政府決定要發展NMD,他相信不是沒有道理的。

  陳總統專訪內容,刊登於五月三日的「今日美國報」。陳總統在專訪中強調,他不排除、也非常樂意與江澤民等中共領導階層接觸與對話。「沒有預設立場,也不限定在任何地方與時間。誠心誠意,願意與他們針對大家共同的利益與關切的議題交換意見。」不過,他也認為,大陸對於兩岸對話設了這麼多前提與條件,所代表的另外一層意義就是不想談。

  陳總統也表示,如果兩岸能重啟協商大門、不再用武力威脅台灣,我們便可考慮調整、改變軍備採購策略。海峽兩岸最好都能夠把軍備費用省下來發展經濟、從事公共建設、提升醫療教育的水平、做好社會福利,改善人民的生活。

  出訪前夕的陳總統也說,如果可以順利過境紐約,他將成為中華民國第一位過境紐約的總統。他希望此行能夠看到他想要看的人,也希望讓一些想看他的人,大家都能稱心滿意。不希望再像去年八月過境洛杉磯,只能待在旅館裡。

  上次在休士頓訪問時,陳水扁還是台北市長,他對五十盎斯的超厚牛排念念不忘,他也期待與眾議院多數黨領袖狄雷會面,接受他致贈的牛仔帽與牛仔靴。

  針對美國布希政府的兩岸政策,陳水扁也首度提出剖析。他表示,美國的「中國政策」不會因為政權更迭,在一夕之間有劇烈轉變。不過,柯林頓總統認為美中關係是一種戰略性的夥伴關係外,布希總統卻認為是競爭關係。他相信,柯林頓總統之所以如此認為,是從經貿著眼,布希總統則是著眼於國家安全問題。

  陳總統指出,特別在此次台美軍售會議決定過程當中,美國堅守「台灣關係法」履行對台灣防衛的義務,也依照一九八二年的六大保證,對台軍售絕不事先與中共磋商。他認為,也許美國政府在兩岸問題不可能扮演調人的角色。但美國政府、美國人民、美國國會在扮演兩岸的穩定者、平衡者與和平使者的角色,表現得很稱職,非常出色。

  對於美方沒有同意出售神盾系統武器給台灣一事,陳總統表示,美國在這次軍售中,對台灣的需求,特別是優先需求,已經相當程度讓我們有所滿足。我們也了解,在軍售上,有些事情必須看中共的態度,尤其是神盾艦的問題,主要應在於中共是否能撤除或減少飛彈的部署。

  在被問到如何看待兩岸現況及美國與我的關係時,陳總統說,從軍機擦撞意外,及中共後續的態度與處理,確實讓我們不得不相信,中共確實是亞太地區和平安全與穩定最大的一個威脅。海峽兩岸到二千零五年可能失去軍事力量的平衡,威脅的絕對不是台灣一地,包括美國、日本在亞太地區、西太平洋的安全與利益,也同樣受到影響。

  陳水扁在專訪中,也一再表達他對中共寧可與在野勢力、民間團體溝通,卻拒絕與台灣政府做任何接觸與對話表示遺憾。他希望兩岸能共同努力,找出雙方面都能接受的「一個中國」含義。他認為,中共目前所謂的「一個中國」原則,其終極目的是要吞併台灣,這是絕大多數台灣兩千三百萬人民所沒辦法接受。「我們不可能犧牲我們國家的主權、尊嚴與安全,來換取我們的苟且偷生。」


  他談到幾個重點:

(一) 推崇布希總統的道德勇氣。
(二) 台灣買武器是為了亞太和平。
(三) 中共減少威脅台灣,台灣可以相對降低軍備。
(四) 希望美國能以公平合理方式對待台灣。
(五) 十分想彼此互訪,由政府與政府對等方式來和平協商。
(六) 不斷對中共釋放善意。

 



  美國對中共的反覆不按理出牌,又常鼓動民族情結,造成美中交往的障礙,自柯林頓政府以經貿優先的政策對待中共,而中共並未能以互惠方式來回應,反而乘機坐大,布希政府之謹慎反應,則是理所當然。以下報導可以參考:

 

2001.05.03/中央社記者陳正杰華盛頓特稿

美國與中共軍事交流成效有限


  一九九六年台海危機爆發時,美國太平洋軍區總司令普理赫上任不到一個月,他事後回憶說,當時他找不到一個可以用來跟中共解放軍高層聯繫的電話號碼。

  基於這個理由,他成了美國加強與中共軍事交流政策的支持者。他相信,美軍應透過與中共軍方的交流加強彼此的聯繫和瞭解,防止因誤判而爆發衝突。

  事隔五年,普理赫變為美國駐北京特命全權大使,在駐地總管華府對北京的一切官方交涉。但當「危機」再次爆發時,普理赫還是「聯絡不到人」。

  四月一日上午南海軍機擦撞事件發生之後,美國EP─3偵察機迫降在海南島中共空軍陵水基地,機員最後傳回的訊息是,飛機已平安落地,機員無恙。

  但在之後的十幾個小時,不但機員未能再與美國軍方聯繫,連普理赫也無法找到負責的中共官員。

  布希總統在北京時間二日午夜發表第一篇有關軍機擦撞事件的聲明,語調強硬地要求中共立即讓美方外交官會見機員,就反映出美國政府的挫折感。

  一位原本就質疑軍事交流是否符合美國利益的美方官員說,軍機擦撞事件是對兩軍交流成效的一種考驗,結果「支持的一派一敗塗地」。

  美軍高層訪問往往帶有實際而具體的目標,中共解放軍高層訪美則以象徵意義為重,但兩軍高層藉互訪增進認識與瞭解,畢竟是美國與中共軍方共同的目標,除此之外,雙方對交流的目的少有共同看法。

  美國希望藉交流達到幾個重要目標,一是預防因誤判形成衝突,這包括藉著讓中共瞭解美軍的實力而不敢在台海輕舉妄動。

  一位美國國防部官員曾表示,美方希望讓中共瞭解,在類似一九九六年飛彈危機的狀況下,一旦中共因誤判而與美軍發生衝突,對他們會有什麼後果。

  美國也希望藉提高透明度讓中共接受美國的說法,就是美國在東亞的駐軍是維持地區和平與穩定的力量,符合區域內各個國家的利益,包括中共在內。

  美國同時希望中共說明解放軍大幅擴充軍力的用意,讓鄰近國家安心。

  中共過去幾年發表國防白皮書,就是在美國要求中共提高軍事透明度之後的回應。美國官方和民間分析家雖肯定中共發表白皮書的做法,但也抱怨白皮書未做到透明化,最多只能算「透點光(opaque)」。

  至於部隊的參訪和戰力的展示,中共始終十分保留,例如美方人員始終未獲准參觀中共的飛彈部隊,這是美方抱怨兩軍交流未達到互惠最主要的原因。

  至於中共,解放軍在中共駐南斯拉夫大使館被炸之後,對於恢復中斷的軍事交流比中共外交部還要積極。台灣一位駐美武官說,這好比窮人到了富人家,即使什麼都沒拿,開開眼界都算是收穫,何況中共藉交流至少方便蒐集美軍作戰準則等公開的資料。

  除了蒐集資料之外,中共顯然還有更深沉的用意。華府政策圈廣為流傳的故事是,中共解放軍官員在參觀聖地牙哥軍港的一艘航空母艦時,曾詢問航空母艦最大的弱點何在,美方軍官據實以告,不久之後,中共就向俄國採購專門用來攻擊航空母艦艦身底部的魚雷。

  眾所週知,中共擴充軍力除了是要現代化和配合整體國力的發展,很重要的目的在於嚇阻台灣獨立及美國的介入,而且美國和中共這個共產主義獨裁國家的關係畢竟難以正常化,因此每當台海情勢緊張或美國與中共交惡時,美國與中共軍事交流往往立刻被切斷。

  在此之前,一九八九年的天安門大屠殺,九六年的台海危機和九九年的中共大使館被炸事件,都曾使兩國的軍事交流中斷。

  布希政府對於美「中」軍事交流應否持續明顯存有歧見,目前跡象看來,完全切斷交流的可能性並不大,但像近幾年一次決定全年交流活動項目的做法,可能已成為過去。