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Foxconn raises could change China
Friday, Jun 11, 2010, Page 8
Hon Hai Group (ÂE®ü¶°¹Î) has announced two salary raises in a
week for its Foxconn plant in Shenzhen, resulting in a total raise of 122
percent. The event has shaken the Taiwanese stock market, shocked Taiwanese
businesspeople along the southern China coast and changed the environment for
China¡¦s export-oriented processing industry. Many Taiwanese investors and other
foreign businesspeople now worry that the era when China was a low-cost paradise
has come to an end with Hon Hai¡¦s massive salary increases.
Contract manufacturers rely on low labor costs to make relatively small profits.
However, when a society has developed to a certain level, labor costs increase.
This means that businesses cannot continue to rely on low costs alone to make a
profit. The fact is that industries in coastal areas of China have experienced a
series of collective demands for salary increases. Workers at Honda¡¦s Chinese
plants are striking for higher salaries and those at a Taiwanese-invested
mechanical plant in Kunshan in Jiangsu Province went on strike last Saturday,
demanding pay raises and an improved work environment. The number of workers on
strike soon reached 1,000 and they have refused to leave despite efforts by the
police to disperse them. Not until the company¡¦s chairman promised to raise
salaries and improve the quality of food and the work environment did the strike
end.
Some people are guessing that Hon Hai¡¦s highly unusual double pay raise may be
the result of Chinese government pressure and others think China wants to get
rid of Hon Hai and let a local Chinese company take over as the king of contract
manufacturers. However, there is currently nothing to back up either viewpoint.
Hon Hai is the first company to react to the calls of Chinese workers for higher
pay. In this context the raises are both a passive, defensive measure and an
aggressive strategic attempt to deal with a new situation.
On the one hand, the raise counteracts the negative impact of the 12 suicides at
Foxconn¡¦s Shenzhen plant, as it may improve morale among workers and alleviate
concerns that Foxconn is a sweatshop. Labor stability will probably be higher
than before the problems began and production will also become more predictable,
which will result in higher productivity.
On the other hand, Hon Hai sold its worker dormitories to the local government
and then raised salaries to subsidize workers renting their accommodation from
the government. This also means that the company has passed the hot issue of the
workers¡¦ leisure time on to the government and it no longer has to take
responsibility for its workers¡¦ lives. The initiative to raise salaries will
increase public income and raise workers¡¦ buying power, and that will help the
company enter the 3C ¡X computer, communication and consumer electronics ¡X
market. When a market leader such as Hon Hai offers such massive salary
increases, it puts great pressure on other electronics companies and might even
force competitors out of the market. In addition, the increased expenditure can
be passed on to US, EU and Japanese companies so that it does not affect Hon
Hai¡¦s profits. The move could even turn out to be a crucial first step toward
the transformation of China¡¦s labor-intensive industries.
Another side effect of the big raise could be that some Taiwanese companies see
more clearly the uncertainties of the Chinese market and decide to return to
Taiwan to invest in automated plants. If that is the case, then Taiwan should
thank Terry Gou (³¢¥x»Ê) for such an unexpected gift.
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